| Date: Tue, 1 Jan 2002 17:43:58
-0600
Robert,
Apparently it can be
either wireless or wire-based. He isn't releasing very many details on
his system. But it does work. Understand, it's a laboratory prototype
experiment, not a fully developed and ready-to-go-into-production
system.
Actually, the basis
for superluminal communication has been in electrodynamics and in
physics for some time. As an example from normal classical
electrodynamics, the ordinary scalar potential in the Coulomb gauge
moves at instantaneous velocity, though supposedly only in the "near
fields". See J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, Second
Edition, Wiley, 1975, p. 222-223 for a discussion of this
"peculiarity". Now reflect for a moment as to what can conceivably
constitute a "near field" to something moving at infinite velocity. In
fact, the concept of "energy moving through a singly connected space"
breaks down when the velocity is infinite. Instead, one should think in
terms of the "energy existing in a multiply-connected space". Let me
give you a simple analogy.
Suppose you have a
flat piece of paper (thought experiment, so it's a perfect plane). Put
a point there on that plane. Now put another point on the first one, so
the two superpose. And another. And another. Until you have 1,000
points there at that "point", all superposed.
Now suppose that you
can magically insert 1 joule of energy into one of those points that you
choose. Well, the same joule now appears in each and every other point
simultaneously. But each joule superposed with each other, so the
external observer still sees only "one joule at one point" in that
plane. That is how it will appear in a singly-connected space (where
each "point" is distinct from every other "separated point" and does not
share anything directly and instantly between points.
However, now suppose
that these 1,000 points are widely separated in normal 3-space, as seen
by the observer (as seen by us). The points may be scattered throughout
the universe, without limit. At very great distances apart, etc. But
meanwhile, suppose these points are ALSO in a multiply-connected space.
In other words, in that "strange realm" the 1,000 points are all
superposed on one another, in something like that "plane" with 1,000
points superposed as one.
In 3-space, suppose
the observer (us) now inserts one watt into one of those 1,000 points
that happens to be nearby. Zounds! Instantly and simultaneously, one
watt appears (to us) in each and every other one of those widely
separated points, perhaps some of them out past the solar system and
others beyond the nearest star.
So we input one watt,
and we "output" (as viewed to a singly-connected observer) 1,000 watts.
That's the way a
quantum potential works, and that is the way a group of objects
connected via a multiply connected spacetime would work. Little wonder
that now some five nations of the world have developed and deployed
quantum potential weapons. Presently they are still somewhat limited in
power, but as with anything, they develop better and better as time
passes. One of these days, a single 100 kiloton nuclear blast at one of
the "multiply-connected points" will be utilizable, and such a weapon
will be able to utterly destroy, say, 1,000 widely separated targets
with a single "shot". Superluminal communication eventually leads to
the quantum potential in the limit, which then leads to QP weaponry.
But enough of superweapons; back to superluminal communication.
It is important to
note that --- as Jackson states --- transverse radiation fields are
given by the vector potential alone.
Quoting (from the
cited pages) from Jackson: "…we note a peculiarity of the Coulomb
gauge. It is well known that electromagnetic disturbances propagate
with finite speed. Yet (6.45) indicates that the scalar potential
'propagates' instantaneously everywhere in space. The vector potential,
on the other hand, satisfies the wave equation (6.52), with its implied
finite speed of propagation c. At first glance it is puzzling to see
how this obviously unphysical behavior is avoided. A preliminary remark
is that it is the fields, not the potentials, that concern us. A
further observation is that the
transverse current (6.50) extends over all space, even if
J is localized."
Jackson then refers to
O.L. Brill and B. Goodman, Am. J. Phys., Vol. 35, 1967, p. 832
for a detailed discussion of causality in the Coulomb gauge.
So in a nutshell there
you have it. We are left somewhat hanging with the fact that the scalar
potential can and does move at instant velocity. And that EM waves
moving faster than the speed of light are indeed possible.
When we turn to David
Bohm's hidden variable interpretation of quantum mechanics, there we
find a scalar potential -- called the quantum potential -- that does
indeed appear instantaneously everywhere it shall have a value. Bohm's
interpretation predicts all the correct results, and in my view is
highly superior to the long-standard Bohr interpretation. There are at
least some 8 major interpretations of quantum mechanics; the final word
is not in yet! I'm partial to the Bohm theory, because it's equally
valid experimentally as the standard Bohr interpretation, and it goes
much further because it allows quantum reality to be directly
engineered, including at a distance, if one can learn to work with
hidden variables. It's also the basis for those quantum potential
weapons developed by five nations (none of which is the U.S.).
There are gobs of
hidden variables, easily pointed out! If we take Whittaker's 1903 and
1904 papers (see my citations elsewhere on Cheniere.com), then all EM
fields, waves, and potentials already have an internal, far more
fundamental longitudinal wave electrodynamics that comprises and makes
those fields, waves, and potentials. Since one can make longitudinal EM
waves, then it means that one can "put together" or engineer all the
presently utilized EM fields, waves, and potentials (and their energy)
from a far more fundamental EM -- and the engineering can be done at a
distance also.
To solve the source
charge problem, we slightly corrected Whittaker's interpretation of his
1903 paper. With that correction, one involves both longitudinal EM
waves in 3-space and along the time-axis as well. We also uncovered
very powerful support for that reinterpretation in quantum field theory
(Mandl and Shaw, Quantum Field Theory, Wiley, 1984, Chapter 5).
In that case, one has the gist of my original use of scalar
interferometry as the basis of demonstrated Russian weapons tests.
For proof of the
scalar interferometer's ability to do that, see M. W. Evans, P.K.
Anastasovski, T.E. Bearden et al.,
"On
Whittaker's Representation of the Electromagnetic Entity in Vacuo, Part
V: The Production of Transverse Fields and Energy by Scalar
Interferometry," Journal of New Energy, 4(3), Special Issue,
Winter 1999, p. 76-78.
For experimental proof
that EM signals can indeed be seen by the observer to move much faster
than the speed of light, see
Aichmann
and Nimtz. They and their co-workers at the University of Cologne have
transmitted 8.7 GHz microwaves (free space wavelength 3.4 cm) traveling
in a rectangular wave guide that contains a "barrier" section of reduced
dimensions. They have transmitted Mozart's 40th Symphony as frequency
modulated microwaves through a barrier wave guide at an FTL group
velocity of 4.7 c, receiving audibly recognizable music from the
microwave photons that survived their barrier passage. The transit time
through the barrier was about 81 picoseconds and was observed to be
constant for barriers with widths varying from 4.0 cm to 11.4 cm.
Other such
superluminal experiments have been replicated by other scientists such
as Chiao. We have multiple experimental validations that superluminal
communication is indeed possible. How we choose to think about it and
model it is something else; the effect has been clearly established
experimentally.
For some very
interesting theory of pure longitudinal EM waves and adulterated
longitudinal EM waves (adulterated means with some transverse residue
remaining), one turns to the theory of undistorted progressive waves.
E.g., see W. A.
Rodrigues
Jr. and J.-Y. Lu, “On the existence of undistorted progressive waves
(UPWs) of arbitrary speeds 0
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v <¥
in nature,” Foundations of Physics, 27(3), 1997, p. 435-508;
also W. A. Rodrigues Jr. and J. Vaz Jr., “Subluminal and Superluminal
Solutions in Vacuum of the Maxwell Equations and the Massless Dirac
Equation,” Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras, Vol. 7(S),
1997, p. 457-466.
Two other papers of
interest are:
(1)
Petar K. Anastasovski and David B. Hamilton, "The
Superluminal Theory and Effects," in M. W. Evans (ed.), Modern
Nonlinear Optics, Second Edition, 3 vols., Wiley, 2001; Vol. 3, p.
655-681.
(2)
Fabio Cardone and Roberto Mignani, "Superluminal Effects
and Tachyon Theory," in M. W. Evans (ed.), Modern Nonlinear Optics,
Second Edition, 3 vols., Wiley, 2001; Vol. 3, p. 683-698. In the last
years some experimental results in different branches of physics
(astrophysics, high-energy physics, electromagnetic wave propagation)
have provided significant evidence for phenomena involving
faster-than-light (superluminal) speeds. The authors give a brief review
of them, with special emphasis on the electromagnetic ones, and stress
their relation with tachyon theory based on the generalization of
special relativity to faster-than-light inertial frames.
There are quite a few
other papers in the literature, dealing with superluminal propagation of
EM waves, but these suffice to give the gist of it.
In addition, de
Broglie waves always travel faster than the speed of light. Their
effects can be detected by multiple detections rather than singular
detection.
Another objection
sometimes raised is that "only negative energy waves" can travel
superluminally. The implicit assumption is that no one can make
negative energy EM waves. Not true. Just create and launch EM waves
with positrons instead of electrons. But use the real positrons ---
Dirac sea holes in the vacuum. Don't use the "pseudo-positrons" that
are the lattice holes in materials. And don't use "observed positrons"
after the energy and time are both inverted, as well as the parity. The
Dirac sea hole (in the vacuum, prior to its interaction and observation)
is in fact a purely negative energy state and negative energy
"critter". Oscillate those negative energy states directly, and that
objection vanishes.
So the prevailing
dogma that intelligent signals (without specification of kind) cannot be
transmitted faster than light speed is already totally refuted, both
experimentally and theoretically. Mozart's 40th symphony
transmission and reception already proved that.
What are really needed
are a National Science Foundation and National Academy of Sciences that
surge forward and formulate funded research programs to push the
frontiers of science along such superluminal communications lines.
We can and shall have
practical superluminal communication systems whenever the U.S.
scientific research community allows it and funds it. A small group is
trying to move toward it, with meager funds. We ought to have a
Manhattan Project on it, with the best scientific team the nation can
muster.
Best wishes,
Tom Bearden
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