TOWARD A NEW ELECTROMAGNETICS

Part III: Clarifying the Vector Concept

© 1983 T.E. Bearden

-- IMPLICATIONS --

          Some of the fundamental concepts of the new Tesla electromagnetics are presented.  The new concepts have startling implications:
           (1)  No force or force field exists as such in vacuum.
           (2)  Hertzian (transverse) electromagnetic waves do not travel through the vacuum, just as Tesla stated.
           (3)  Forceless, massless Tesla (scalar) longitudinal waves actually transit the vacuum.  Tesla called them "electrical sound waves."
           (4)  At present there are actually four different FUNDAMENTAL TYPES of vectorial entities in physics, erroneously confused as one and the same.
          (5)  Tesla longitudinal scalar waves are also "time" waves and can affect anything and everything that exists in time.
          (6)  The fundamental constants of nature (which exist in time) can be altered by Tesla scalar waves, which oscillate the values of the constants.
          (7)  Every vector and scalar has an internal substructure, which can be independently affected and changed.  This allows the direct engineering of the virtual state and the vacuum itself.
          (8)  All observable forces (electrical, mechanical, gravitational, etc.) arise in, on, and OF the actual substructure of the "accelerating mass particle" itself, not as an "external" massless force or force field applied "to" a mass .
          (9)  Physical reality itself -- and the "physical laws of nature"
can be deliberately changed and engineered.
          (10)  All "physical reality" is totally internal to the physical changes of the mass particles of the detector system of the observer.
          (11)  Relativity's speed of light limitation applies only to the changes of the basic mass particles of the detecting instrument.
          (12)  Detection of superluminal effects cannot be accomplished by a "single stage" or "single shift " (single interaction) detector .
          (13)  Detection of superluminal effects is permitted by "multiple stage" or "multiple shift" interactions where the last interaction is a conventional interaction of photon vs. detector particle.  (The two-slit apparatus for detection of electron diffraction is an example. First, the superluminal DeBroglie waves interact with the slits, which are "tuned" toward the electron's DeBroglie wavelength.  The interaction with TWO slits produces subluminal interference effects, which then interact back upon the physical electron.  The apparatus is thus an electron interferometer capable of detecting superluminal waves by a two-stage interaction).
          (14)  Interference is the most common first-stage superluminal interaction to accomplish "downshifting" superluminal entities to luminal or subluminal velocities.  Superposition of superluminal "phase" waves (such as deBroglie waves, which individually always move faster than the speed of light) interferes the waves to create a subluminal group velocity, which may then interact with an ordinary mass particle in the detection system.
           (15)  Any otherwise physical vector must exist as an unzipped (segmented) or "shadow" vector in vacuum.  "Radiation" of a vector EM wave from the electron gas in an antenna into vacuum results in the "choking off" of the mass of the transversely oscillating electrons in the antenna.  Since the spinning electron mass is the "zipper" that makes or comprises the physical vector in the first place, this throttling of the mass flow unzips the E and B vectors, leaving whirling (massless magnetic scalar potential) segments of massless charge flux (massless electrostatic scalar potential).  This unzipped whirling pattern of charge flux (scalar massless A/Ø) is what radiates into vacuum and propagates through it.  This is a special kind of scalar wave pattern, not a physical or vector wave.
           (16)  The spin of a charged particle is the mechanism for integrating or "zipping together" the individual virtual fragments of a shadow vector into a real (observable) vector.  For "uncharged particles" such as neutrons, it is the spins of its virtual charged components. that accomplish the integration or zipping.
          (17)  All fundamental charged particles are constantly accelerated.  There is no such thing as an "unaccelerated" particle, except as a gross average over time or length.  Further, all of them are spinning.
          (18)  All changes to and from a physical vector or scalar system must arise in and come from its own internal substructure, which is zipped to its spinning particle of mass.
          (19)  All fundamental particles are charged internally.  That is, they are dynamic assemblages of smaller charged particles.  If the average sum of the total internal charge is essentially zero over some finite, small increment of time, the particle is externally uncharged.  If the sum is not essentially zero, the particle is also externally charged.
          (20)  There are no static physical things in existence.  In physical reality, something appears "static" only at a particular level.  Upon sufficiently fine examination, it is composed of accelerating parts, and thus comprised of "fluctuations."
          (21)  Since (a) the basic physical (mass) vector consists of a "smeared particle,'' where particle and smear are inseparable, (b) the conceptual particle also is accelerated, and (c) the "smearing" is for a small increment of time and a small increment of length; then the basic constituency of "physical reality" is inseparable "force x time x length," or action.  The basic "quantum" of physical change is thus comprised of action.
          (22)  Since to "detect" we must "stop" the action, separate or split the quantum into two pieces ("canonical" pieces) , and compare (measure) one piece by throwing away the other, then each physical observable must have a differential operator (the "separating agent") corresponding to it.  This accounts for the fundamental postulate of quantum mechanics whereby every observable has a corresponding operator.  Further, since what remains is totally relative to what was split out and thrown away, physical change is totally "relative."  This accounts for the fact that observed reality is relative, each part to each other.
          (23)  As a special case, we may assume that we can evaluate a physical change at a point (without length).  If so, when we discard length, the remaining basic vector is momentum.  This approximation holds only so long as the system to which it is applied essentially does not change over the quantal fragment of length discarded -- i.e., it holds for the linear case.  Conservation of momentum, then, is violated when sufficient nonlinearity in length is present.
           (24)  As a second special case, we may assume that we can evaluate a physical change in a spatial manner (without time).  If so, when we discard time, the remaining basic vector is energy (has the units of energy or work).  This approximation holds only so long as the system to which it is applied essentially does not change over the quantal fragment of time discarded -- i.e., it holds for the linear case.  Conservation of energy, then, is violated when sufficient nonlinearity in time is present.  Since a "virtual change" a priori is defined as a total nonlinearity in the observer's quantal time increment but not outside it, then virtual interactions can and do violate conservation of energy within that time increment, but not out of it -- so long as the time interval itself is considered linear.  If the time interval is sufficiently nonlinear, then the virtual change may result in violation of the conservation of energy externally to the time increment.  In that case, an "observable change" results .
           (25)  As a third special case, we may assume that we can evaluate the "instantaneous value" of a physical change at a static point in space.  To do so, we must discard both time (to be instantaneous) and length (to be at a spatial point), and the remaining basic vector is force.  This approximation holds only so long as the system to which it is applied essentially does not change over the quantal fragment of time or the quantal fragment of length discarded.  Conservation of force, then, is violated when sufficient nonlinearity in time or length is present.
          (26)  A new conservation of energy law is required, one which unites the present conservation of energy law with an altered form of the conservation of charge law.  Briefly, the total equivalent of mass, observable energy, and massless charge (anenergy) is conserved.
          (27)  All AL and At fragments are produced and destroyed one at a time, in the action fissioning of a single quantum of action (detection process).  Each ÑL and Ñt is discretized but not quantized.  Since quanta do not superpose, the "external universe" is continually created and destroyed in the detector's mass system, one quantum at a time, at a very high rate.  This interpretation gives physical meaning to the creation and annihilation operators of quantum mechanics.
          (28)  Since the detecting mass system is itself continually created and destroyed one quantum at a time, ultimately all is mind changes, and only mind changes.  The observer's life, mind, and being transcend all materialistic interpretations of reality -- as indeed does the very fact of the "existence" of a perceived external universe.

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